Understanding Level 3 Autism: Challenges, Support, and Care

Autism is a condition that affects how a person thinks, learns, and interacts with others. People with autism have different needs, and doctors classify autism into three levels. Autism level 3 is the most severe classification of autism spectrum disorder, requiring substantial support for individuals affected. It’s important to understand the challenges that come with Level 3 Autism and learn how we can help those who live with it.

What is Level 3 Autism, the Most Severe Form?

Diagnostic Criteria

Characteristics of Level 3 Autism

Individuals with Level 3 autism often face extreme difficulty in both verbal and nonverbal communication. Many may not speak at all, while others might use a very limited vocabulary. To communicate, they might rely on alternative methods such as sign language, picture exchange systems, or electronic communication devices. However, even with these tools, their ability to engage in meaningful conversations is often limited. They typically use these methods to express basic needs rather than to engage in social interactions.

Challenges Faced by Individuals with Level 3 Autism Requiring Substantial Support

1️⃣Communication Problems: People with Level 3 Autism may not be able to speak, or if they do, they might have a limited vocabulary. They often have difficulty understanding what others are saying. They may use pictures, gestures, or technology to communicate instead of words. Individuals with Level 3 Autism often exhibit reduced or abnormal responses to social cues.

2️⃣Behavioral Issues: It can be hard for them to handle changes or new situations. Individuals with Level 3 Autism often experience difficulty coping with changes in routine. Some may repeat the same movements, like rocking or hand-flapping. These individuals experience extreme difficulty coping with changes, which can lead to distress. Sudden noises or bright lights may overwhelm them, leading to meltdowns.

3️⃣Learning and Thinking Difficulties: These individuals often find it difficult to learn in a regular classroom. They may have trouble understanding certain concepts or instructions. They need teachers and caregivers to adapt lessons and daily activities to their abilities.

4️⃣Social Isolation: Making friends and interacting with others can be very challenging. They may not understand facial expressions, body language, or emotions, which makes it harder to connect with others. This can leave them feeling isolated, even when surrounded by people.

5️⃣Behavioral Challenges: Behavioral challenges are a significant aspect of Level 3 autism. Individuals may exhibit severe behaviors such as aggression, self-injury, and eloping (wandering away from safe environments). These behaviors can stem from frustration, sensory overload, or physical discomfort. For some families, the severity of these behaviors can make it unsafe to live with an autistic teen or adult. Self-injurious behaviors, such as head-banging and pica (eating non-food items), are more prevalent among those requiring substantial support.

6️⃣Cognitive and Sensory Challenges: Cognitive and sensory challenges are also prominent in individuals with Level 3 autism. They often struggle with social communication skills and exhibit repetitive behaviors. Understanding and using spoken language can be particularly challenging, and they may not be aware of the people around them. Sensory processing issues are common, with individuals either being overly sensitive or not sensitive enough to stimuli such as light, sound, smell, taste, and touch. These sensory dysfunctions can significantly impact their daily lives and interactions.

How Can We Help Improve Social Communication Skills?

• Therapies for Support: People with Level 3 Autism often benefit from different types of therapies. For example:
  • Speech therapy: can help improve their communication.
  • Occupational therapy teaches them important daily skills like dressing or brushing their teeth.
  • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) helps with learning and behavior. Individuals with Level 3 Autism often experience difficulty switching between tasks, which can be addressed through structured routines and targeted interventions.

• Specialized Education: These individuals often attend special education programs that are designed for their needs. Schools may create something called an Individualized Education Plan (IEP), which outlines the best way to help the student succeed. Some may also use technology to help them learn and communicate.
• Managing Behavior: Routines and structure are important for people with Level 3 Autism. Sticking to a regular schedule can help reduce their anxiety. Caregivers may use calming techniques or provide sensory tools, like weighted blankets or noise-canceling headphones, to manage meltdowns.
• Support for Families: Families of individuals with Level 3 Autism also need support. Caring for someone with high needs can be difficult and stressful. It’s important for parents and caregivers to have access to community resources, counseling, and support groups to help them manage these challenges.

Treatment and Interventions

While there is no cure for autism, various treatments and interventions can help individuals with Level 3 autism manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life. Key interventions include: 

• Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy: Focuses on improving specific behaviors and skills through positive reinforcement. 
• Occupational therapy: Helps individuals develop daily living skills and manage sensory processing issues. 
• Speech therapy: Aims to enhance communication skills, whether verbal or through alternative methods. 
• Physical therapy: Addresses physical challenges and improves motor skills. 
• Medications: Can be prescribed to manage anxiety and other related issues. 
• Sensory integration therapy: Helps individuals better process and respond to sensory information.

These interventions, tailored to the individual’s needs, can significantly improve their ability to cope with daily challenges. 

Creating a Supportive Environment

Creating a supportive environment is crucial for individuals with Level 3 autism. This involves: 

• Minimizing sensory stimuli: Reducing exposure to loud noises, bright lights, and other sensory triggers. 
• Providing a predictable daily routine: Consistency helps reduce anxiety and improve coping skills. 
• Using visual aids and communication tools: Visual schedules, picture exchange systems, and communication devices can aid in understanding and expressing needs. 
• Offering opportunities for physical activity and exercise: Physical activities can help manage energy levels and reduce stress. 
• Providing access to alternative forms of communication: Ensuring that individuals have the tools they need to communicate effectively. 
• Creating a safe and comfortable living space: A well-organized, calm environment can significantly enhance their quality of life.

By understanding the diagnostic criteria, characteristics, and challenges associated with Level 3 autism, individuals and families can better navigate the diagnosis and develop effective strategies for support and intervention. 

Long-Term Care and Planning for Substantial Support 

As individuals with Level 3 Autism grow older, they will need continued care and support. Some may live in special homes where caregivers are always available, or they might attend day programs that teach life skills and provide social opportunities. Planning for the future is important to ensure they have a safe, supportive environment when their parents or guardians can no longer care for them. 

Frequently Asked Questions & Answer

Conclusion

Please Note: The content of this blog is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Consult a qualified health care professional for personalized guidance tailored to your specific situation.